Standard forearm X‑ray series includes anteroposterior (AP) and lateral views that should include both the wrist and elbow. The AP view evaluates bone alignment, shaft and joint relationships; the lateral view assesses anterior/posterior displacement and angulation. Oblique or additional targeted views may be obtained to better define suspected fractures, radial head or distal radius injuries, and soft-tissue abnormalities.

For an AP forearm, the patient sits or lies with the arm fully extended and the forearm supinated so the palm faces upward. The humerus and forearm lie in the same plane with the epicondyles parallel to the image receptor. Ensure the wrist and elbow are included; center the X‑ray beam perpendicular to the mid‑forearm.

Identify an AP (anteroposterior) X‑ray by labels/portable markers and clinical context (supine/bedside). Radiographic clues: the heart and mediastinum often look magnified, clavicles lie more horizontal with medial ends nearer the spine, scapulae project over the lung fields, and fewer posterior ribs are visible from shallow inspiration. Presence of tubing, leads, or a bedside cassette also suggests AP technique.

The AP forearm should visualize the entire radius and ulna from the distal humerus to the wrist, including both elbow and wrist joints. Distal humeral epicondyles, radial head and neck, carpal bases, and proximal carpals should be included. Bones and cortices must be well defined with minimal rotation (radius and ulna parallel), joint spaces visible, and surrounding soft tissues and potential foreign bodies or fractures clearly shown.

The best initial imaging for a forearm injury is plain radiographs (AP and lateral views that include the wrist and elbow). X‑rays detect most fractures and dislocations. If X‑rays are inconclusive or detailed bony anatomy or surgical planning is needed, CT is preferred. MRI is used for soft‑tissue injury or occult fractures; ultrasound can assess superficial soft‑tissue or vascular issues.

Most X-ray exams use two views—orthogonal projections (for example AP/PA and lateral)—to provide depth and detect abnormalities. Some simple studies use a single view (e.g., certain rib or nasal bone images), while others require three or more views (oblique or specialized series) depending on the body part and clinical question. Your doctor or radiographer orders the appropriate number.