A 2-site DEXA scan is a dual‑energy X‑ray absorptiometry test that measures bone mineral density at two key locations—usually the lumbar spine and hip (sometimes wrist). It helps diagnose osteoporosis, estimate fracture risk and monitor treatment response. The scan is quick, noninvasive and uses very low radiation; results report T‑scores and Z‑scores comparing bone density to reference populations.

The primary sites scanned in a DEXA (DXA) bone density test are the lumbar spine and the proximal femur (hip). If those areas can’t be assessed, the forearm is an alternative. DEXA can also perform whole-body scans for body composition. The test is done on a specialized DEXA table in a radiology or bone densitometry unit and takes ten to twenty minutes.

A DEXA scan typically assesses bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and hips. Most exams include the hip region and can image both hips separately (total hip and femoral neck on each side); the lowest relevant value is used for reporting. If one hip has a prosthesis, fracture, or deformity, the technician will usually scan the other hip only.

A DEXA single-site bone densitometry is a low-dose X‑ray scan measuring bone mineral density at one location (commonly hip, lumbar spine or forearm). It detects osteoporosis and estimates fracture risk, using T‑scores and Z‑scores for interpretation. The test is quick, noninvasive and painless, often used for screening, diagnosis and monitoring response to osteoporosis treatment.

No—DEXA scans measure bone density and are not designed to detect tumors. They can occasionally show large or obvious bony abnormalities as unexpected findings, but they have low resolution and cannot characterize lesions or detect soft-tissue tumors. If a suspicious area is seen or clinical concern exists, doctors order targeted imaging (X-ray, CT, MRI, bone scan or PET) and biopsy for diagnosis.

A 3-site DEXA scan is a bone mineral density test that measures three anatomical sites—commonly lumbar spine, hip (including femoral neck) and forearm—to assess osteoporosis and fracture risk. It's a quick, non-invasive test with very low radiation that produces T- and Z-scores to guide diagnosis and treatment. Scanning three sites helps when spine or hip results are affected by arthritis or prior surgery.