A shoulder CT provides detailed cross-sectional images of the bones and joints, showing fractures, bone fragments, joint alignment, arthritis-related bone changes (osteophytes, joint-space narrowing), bone lesions or tumors, calcifications, and complex fractures not seen on X-ray. It is less sensitive for soft-tissue injuries (rotator cuff tears) but can detect calcific tendinitis and helps plan surgery or guide procedures.

Before a shoulder CT, bring your referral and ID, arrive early, and wear loose, metal-free clothing. Remove jewelry and hearing aids. Inform staff if pregnant, allergic to iodine/contrast, have kidney problems, or take metformin. You may need fasting and an IV for contrast; blood tests may be required. Follow technologist instructions to stay still and hold your breath for clear images, and drink fluids afterward if contrast was used.

A CT scan of the shoulder typically takes about 5–20 minutes for the actual imaging. Including registration, positioning and instructions, expect to spend 15–30 minutes at the radiology department. If intravenous contrast is needed, add about 10–30 minutes for injection and monitoring. Complex studies or scheduling delays can extend the overall appointment, but the scan itself is usually very quick.

The best scan depends on the suspected cause. Start with plain X‑rays to check bone, arthritis or fracture. For rotator‑cuff, labral or other soft‑tissue problems, MRI (or MR arthrogram for suspected labral tears) gives the most detail. Ultrasound is excellent for dynamic rotator‑cuff assessment and guided procedures. CT is mainly for complex fractures or pre‑operative planning.

MRI is generally better for shoulder soft‑tissue evaluation — rotator cuff, labrum, ligaments, cartilage and muscle — detecting tears and inflammation without radiation. CT provides superior bone detail, ideal for fractures, complex bony anatomy and preoperative planning, and can be used with arthrography for specific cases. CT involves ionizing radiation and is used when MRI is contraindicated.

The CT scan itself usually takes 5–10 minutes (some targeted scans under a minute); the whole appointment is typically 15–30 minutes. If intravenous contrast is used, allow 30–60 minutes for IV setup, scanning and brief observation. Complex or multiphase studies may take up to 1–2 hours. Always follow scheduling instructions from your imaging center.