A chromosome analysis (karyotype) blood test examines a person’s chromosomes from white blood cells to detect numerical or structural abnormalities. It’s used to diagnose genetic conditions (for example Down, Turner, Klinefelter), investigate developmental delay, congenital anomalies, infertility or recurrent miscarriage, and to characterize chromosomal changes in some cancers. Results guide diagnosis, prognosis, treatment decisions and genetic counseling.

Turnaround depends on the test and the lab. A standard blood karyotype typically takes about 7–21 days. Chromosomal microarray usually returns in 7–14 days. Targeted tests (FISH) for specific changes can be reported within 24–72 hours. Complex or confirmatory testing may take longer. Your clinician or the lab will tell you the expected timeframe and how you'll receive results.

A chromosome analysis (karyotype) cost varies by country, test type and lab. On public systems (e.g., NHS) it’s usually covered; privately in the UK expect about £150–£500. In the US a standard karyotype runs roughly $200–$1,000, while chromosomal microarray testing can be $400–$3,000+. In India prices often range ₹1,500–₹10,000. Check local labs and insurance for exact charges.

Yes. Maternal blood can be used for non‑invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) to screen fetal chromosomal abnormalities like trisomies 21, 18 and 13, but positive results require diagnostic confirmation (CVS/amniocentesis). After birth, a newborn or adult’s blood sample can be analyzed by karyotype or chromosomal microarray to diagnose many chromosomal abnormalities; however, low‑level mosaicism or very small changes can sometimes be missed.

Couple karyotyping (chromosome analysis for both partners) costs vary by country and setting. In India private labs typically charge about ₹2,500–6,000 per person (≈₹5,000–12,000 for a couple). In the UK it’s often provided free via NHS when indicated, or £150–£400 per person privately (£300–£800 a couple). In the US private fees commonly run $200–$1,000 per person ($400–$2,000 per couple); insurance/referral affects price.

A normal human cell has 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs—22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes (XX in females, XY in males). Gametes (sperm and egg) carry 23 single chromosomes each. Variations in chromosome number, such as an extra chromosome 21 (trisomy 21), cause conditions like Down syndrome.