The primary androgen in females is testosterone, supplemented by weaker androgens such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione. These are produced mainly by the ovaries and adrenal glands and influence libido, bone and muscle mass, mood, and energy. Normal female androgen levels are low; excess androgens can cause acne, hirsutism, irregular periods and are often seen in polycystic ovary syndrome.

The four pleasure hormones are dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, and endorphins. Dopamine drives reward, motivation and pleasure; serotonin helps regulate mood, appetite and sleep. Oxytocin promotes social bonding, trust and attachment. Endorphins act as natural painkillers, producing euphoria and reducing stress during exercise, laughter or pain. Together they shape mood, motivation, social connection and wellbeing.

There’s no single “best” tablet for hormonal imbalance — treatment depends on the cause. Examples: levothyroxine for hypothyroidism; combined oral contraceptives (and sometimes metformin) for PCOS; hormone‑replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms; dopamine agonists for high prolactin. Diagnosis requires blood tests and specialist review to choose the right medication, dose and monitoring. See your doctor before starting treatment.

The six hypothalamic hormones that regulate anterior pituitary secretion are: thyrotropin‑releasing hormone (TRH), corticotropin‑releasing hormone (CRH), gonadotropin‑releasing hormone (GnRH), growth hormone‑releasing hormone (GHRH), somatostatin (growth hormone‑inhibiting hormone) and dopamine (prolactin‑inhibiting hormone). Four are classical releasing hormones; somatostatin and dopamine act as inhibitory hormones. They enter the hypophyseal portal system to control pituitary secretion.

High androgen levels in women can cause excess facial/body hair (hirsutism), acne, oily skin, male-pattern hair thinning, irregular or absent periods and fertility problems. Metabolic effects include weight gain, insulin resistance and higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Less common signs are voice deepening and clitoral enlargement. Treatment depends on cause and may involve hormonal therapy, lifestyle changes and managing metabolic risks.

To reduce androgens in females, treatment targets production and effects: combined oral contraceptives suppress ovarian androgen output; anti‑androgens (spironolactone, finasteride, cyproterone where used) block androgen action; metformin and weight loss reduce insulin resistance and lower ovarian androgens in PCOS; topical eflornithine and hair‑removal methods treat excess hair. Always consult a clinician—some drugs are teratogenic and need contraception or monitoring.