An axillary view X‑ray is a shoulder radiograph taken from under the armpit to visualize the glenohumeral joint in axial projection. It helps detect anterior or posterior dislocations, periarticular fractures, and assess joint alignment. The patient’s arm is abducted while the X‑ray beam passes upward through the axilla. Modified positions are used when full abduction is painful or impossible.

Three standard shoulder X‑ray views are: anteroposterior (AP) — assesses glenohumeral joint alignment and fractures; axillary (axial) — shows humeral head relation to the glenoid and detects dislocations; and the scapular Y (lateral) view — evaluates anterior/posterior dislocation and scapular fractures. Together they help identify fractures, dislocations, joint-space changes, and other bony pathology.

An axial view (transverse) is an image taken perpendicular to the body’s long axis, producing cross‑sectional slices that separate top (superior) from bottom (inferior). It displays internal anatomy in cross section, helping to localize fractures, masses, or organ relationships. Axial images are commonly obtained by CT and sometimes by specialized radiographic projections to visualize structures more clearly.

The axillary view is an imaging and anatomical perspective from the armpit (axilla) toward the shoulder or thorax. Radiographically, an axillary shoulder view visualizes the glenohumeral joint to detect dislocations, fractures, or alignment problems. Anatomically, it exposes axillary contents — brachial plexus, axillary vessels, and lymph nodes — typically obtained with the arm abducted to look medially through the armpit.

Position the patient seated or supine with the affected arm abducted about 70–90°. Place the image receptor above the shoulder and direct the X‑ray beam through the axilla, centered on the glenohumeral joint and perpendicular to the cassette. Use lead shielding, immobilize the arm, and ask the patient to hold still and hold breath. If painful abduction is impossible, use a modified trauma axillary view.

An axial view (transverse plane) is used in imaging—CT, MRI, and ultrasound—to produce cross-sectional slices of the body. It helps visualize internal anatomy, locate and characterize tumors, hemorrhages, fractures, and infections, assess vascular and organ pathology, evaluate the brain, spine, chest and abdomen, and guide surgical planning or image-guided procedures. It’s essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment monitoring.