Cholesterol - HDL

HDL (good) cholesterol: For men, under 40 mg/dL is low; for women, under 50 mg/dL is low. Levels of 60 mg/dL or higher are considered protective against heart disease. Aim for at least 40 mg/dL (men) or 50 mg/dL (women), with 60+ mg/dL optimal. In mmol/L, 60 mg/dL ≈ 1.55 mmol/L.

Low HDL (the “good” cholesterol) reduces reverse cholesterol transport, allowing more LDL and plaque buildup in arteries. This raises risk of atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, heart attack and stroke. Low HDL often coexists with high triglycerides, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, increasing overall cardiovascular risk. Lifestyle changes—exercise, weight loss, smoking cessation, moderate alcohol and healthy fats—can help raise HDL and lower risk.

HDL, high-density lipoprotein, is "good" cholesterol that carries excess cholesterol from tissues and artery walls back to the liver for removal, helping reduce plaque. LDL, low-density lipoprotein, is "bad" cholesterol that transports cholesterol to tissues; high LDL promotes artery plaque buildup, increasing heart disease and stroke risk. Healthy lifestyle and medications can raise HDL and lower LDL.

Non‑HDL cholesterol (total cholesterol minus HDL) is a useful risk marker. For most adults a desirable non‑HDL level is under 130 mg/dL. People with established heart disease, diabetes or very high cardiovascular risk should aim for under 100 mg/dL (about 30 mg/dL higher than corresponding LDL goals). Discuss individualized targets with your clinician.

Drinking water alone does not directly lower blood cholesterol. Adequate hydration supports overall health and can aid weight management if it replaces sugary or high‑calorie drinks, which may indirectly improve lipid levels. Effective cholesterol control depends on diet, physical activity and, when needed, prescribed medications. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice.

If HDL is unusually high, see a clinician to identify causes and assess risk. Management focuses on treating underlying conditions (e.g., thyroid disease), reviewing medications or supplements that raise HDL (niacin, estrogen), and reducing excessive alcohol. Do not stop prescribed drugs without medical advice. Your clinician may order tests, consider genetic evaluation, and tailor treatment based on overall cardiovascular risk.