BCR-ABL MBcr (P210) Fusion Quantitative Real Time PCR (CML)

BCR-ABL P210 positive means a person’s leukemia cells carry the BCR‑ABL fusion gene that produces the p210 abnormal tyrosine kinase (from the Philadelphia chromosome t(9;22)). This mutation drives uncontrolled white‑cell growth and is most commonly associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). It is detectable by molecular tests and directs treatment with tyrosine‑kinase inhibitors such as imatinib.

The BCR‑ABL test detects the Philadelphia chromosome’s BCR‑ABL fusion gene in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Performed by PCR, FISH or cytogenetics, it confirms diagnosis, measures disease burden and monitors response to tyrosine‑kinase inhibitors. Quantitative PCR reports transcript levels (often on the International Scale) to guide treatment decisions and detect minimal residual disease or relapse.

In India, BCR‑ABL testing costs vary by test type and lab. Basic qualitative PCR can run about ₹800–₹2,500; quantitative real‑time PCR (for monitoring) typically costs ₹2,500–₹6,000; FISH or highly specialized assays may cost up to ₹8,000 or more. Prices depend on city, lab accreditation and monitoring frequency; ask your treating hematologist or the diagnostic centre for exact charges.

BCR-ABL1 positive means a cancer-causing fusion gene formed when parts of the BCR and ABL1 genes swap places (the Philadelphia chromosome). The fusion produces an abnormal tyrosine kinase that drives uncontrolled white blood-cell growth, most commonly in chronic myeloid leukemia and some acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It is detected by cytogenetic or molecular tests and treated with targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is usually controllable rather than universally cured. Oral tyrosine‑kinase inhibitors (TKIs) produce deep, long‑term molecular remissions; a minority of patients can stop therapy and remain in treatment‑free remission. Allogeneic stem‑cell transplant is the only widely accepted potentially curative option but carries significant risks. Prognosis is excellent for many with modern TKI therapy and regular monitoring.

BCR‑ABL1–positive patients are treated primarily with BCR‑ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib, ponatinib chosen by mutation profile and comorbidity). Regular quantitative PCR monitoring guides response (molecular milestones at 3, 6, 12 months). Perform mutation testing for resistance (e.g., T315I). Allogeneic stem‑cell transplant is reserved for TKI failure or advanced disease. Manage side effects and ensure adherence.